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--- syntax:functions:date [2015/04/03 20:52] – elenap
+++ syntax:functions:date [2023/11/24 21:06] (current) – [Examples] craigt
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-===== Date(date_as_text, format) =====
+====== Date(datetime, format) ======
+Category:  Date and Time function
-Converts //date_as_text// into date represented as number according to //format// string.
+\\
+=====Description=====
+This function converts //datetime// as text into a date-time value represented as a number (date-time serial value) according to //format// string.
-^  Example  ^  Result  ^
+\\
-|  date('20140101','yyyyMMdd')  |  41640  |
+=====Use cases=====
-|  date('14-01-01','yy-MM-dd')  |  41640  |
+//Date// is used to convert a text-based date-time value into its corresponding date-time serial value so it may be used in date-time-related calculations, e.g. the differences between two dates, day-of-the-week determinations, etc.
-|  date('20140101','yy-MM-dd')     |  #Can't convert to date  |
+\\
+=====Arguments=====
+^Argument^Type^Description^
+|datetime  |Text  |A text value representing a date and/or time value to be converted to a numeric date-time serial value.|
+|format  |Text  |(Optional) The layout of the date-time components in //datetime// describing the order and type of the date-time components. If omitted, EasyMorph will attempt to detect the date format automatically. See the "Date-Time format components" tables below.|
-=== Format string components ===
+**Return value type:** Number (date-time serial value).
-Case-sensitive.
-^  Character  ^  Description  ^
+\\
+==== Date-Time format string components ====
+A //format string// defines a formatting template for dates and times. Its components can be put together in any combination. If a character doesn't belong to a format component then it's inserted verbatim.
+The specifiers below are case-sensitive :!:.
+^  Date format specifier^  Description  ^
 |  d  |The day of the month, from 1 through 31.  |
 |  dd  |The day of the month, from 01 through 31.  |
@@ Line 23: / Line 35: @@
 |  yyyy  |The year as a four-digit number.  |
-=== See also ===
+^  Time format specifier^  Description  ^
+|  h  |The hour, using a 12-hour clock from 1 to 12.  |
+|  hh  |The hour, using a 12-hour clock from 01 to 12.  |
+|  H  |The hour, using a 24-hour clock from 0 to 23.  |
+|  HH  |The hour, using a 24-hour clock from 00 to 23.  |
+|  m  |The minute, from 0 through 59.  |
+|  mm  |The minute, from 00 through 59.  |
+|  s  |The second, from 0 through 59.  |
+|  ss  |The second, from 00 through 59.  |
+|  t  |The first character of the AM/PM designator.  |
+|  tt  |The AM/PM designator.  |
+\\
+=====Remarks=====
+This function returns the date-time serial value of the //datetime// input but, depending on the format of the column, may display it as a readable date or a date-serial value.  For example, January 1st, 2014 is represented as "41640" numerically.  EasyMoprh displays this value as the readable date "01-Jan-2014" if a date-time format for the column has been selected.  Under the hood, the actual value is "41640".
+To see the date-time serial values in a column of dates, double-click the column's heading and select the "Metadata" tab in the "Filter/Profile" window.  In the "Number format" drop-down, select "No format" to have the date-time serial numbers display in the column instead of the formatted dates.  Switch back to one of the date-time formats to view the formatted date-times.
+If a time value is used for the //datetime// argument, the return value will use today's date for the date component.
+While it can be convenient, in some cases, to omit the //format//, it is recommended to specify the date format explicitly, when possible, to ensure deterministic behavior.
+\\
+=====Examples=====
+**Dates:**
+  date('20140101', 'yyyyMMdd')  //Returns 41640 (Displays as 01-01-2014.)
+  date('14-01-01', 'yy-MM-dd')  //Returns 41640 (Displays as 01-01-2014.)
+  date('30/12/2000', 'dd/MM/yyyy') //Returns 44556 (Displays as 30-12-2000.)
+  date('20140101','yy-MM-dd') //Returns #Can't convert to date (Invalid format)
+  date('2023-Nov-4') //(Omitted format) Returns 45234
+\\
+**Times:**
+  date('20140101 0300AM', 'yyyyMMdd hhmmtt')  //Returns 41640.125 (Displays as 2014-01-01 03:00:00.)
+  date('14-01-01 120030', 'yy-MM-dd HHmmss')  //Returns 41640.5003472222 (Displays as 2014-01-01 12:00:30.)
+  date('0600PM', 'hhmmtt') //Returns 44437.75 (Displays as 2021-08-29 18:00:00; uses current date.)
+\\
+===== See also =====
+  * [[syntax:functions:makedate|MakeDate(year,month,day)]]
+  * [[syntax:functions:format|Format(date,format)]]
   * [[https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/8kb3ddd4(v=vs.110).aspx|MSDN: Custom Date and Time Format Strings]]
-  * [[syntax:functions:makedate]]
-  * [[syntax:functions:format]]